树莓派的内核编译教程

树老大

如题，首先在https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/上下载最新的内核源代码，连接如下：https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/archive/rpi-3.2.27.zip

然后安装编译工具如gcc、make、patch等，可以使用apt-get install gcc make命令

然后检查系统时间，如果时间不对，可以手动设置一下时间，也可以重新启动ntp服务，自动对时

将下载的内核文件放在随便找个目录放着，并用unzip解压它，

unzip rpi-3.2.27.zip

如果命令不成功则可能是没有安装unzip，可以使用apt-get install unzip命令安装就行了

开始编译内核，首先使用以下命令对内核进行配置

make menuconfig

载图太麻烦了，所以我直接用鼠标选了图，大家将就的看看吧。

需要说明的是在System Type  --->这一项里，一定要选择合适的cpu也就是armBCM2708这个型号，其它的东西大家可以自己选择，需要什么用星号表示将这一项编译进内核，M表示编译成模块。

1. .config - Linux/arm 3.2.27 Kernel Configuration
   
2. qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq
   
3. lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq System Type qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
   
4. x Arrow keys navigate the menu. <Enter> selects submenus --->. Highlighted letters are x
   
5. x hotkeys. Pressing <Y> includes, <N> excludes, <M> modularizes features. Press <Esc><Esc> x
   
6. x to exit, <?> for Help, </> for Search. Legend: [*] built-in [ ] excluded <M> module < > x
   
7. x module capable x
   
8. x lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk x
   
9. x x [*] MMU-based Paged Memory Management Support x x
   
10. x x ARM system type (Broadcom BCM2708 family) ---> x x
    
11. x x *** System MMU *** x x
    
12. x x Broadcom BCM2708 Implementations ---> x x
    
13. x x *** Processor Type *** x x
    
14. x x -*- Support ARM V6 processor x x
    
15. x x *** Processor Features *** x x
    
16. x x [*] Support Thumb user binaries x x
    
17. x x [ ] Disable I-Cache (I-bit) x x
    
18. x x [ ] Disable D-Cache (C-bit) x x
    
19. x x [ ] Disable branch prediction x x
    
20. x x [*] Use non-cacheable memory for DMA x x
    
21. x x [ ] ARM errata: FSR write bit incorrect on a SWP to read-only memory x x
    
22. x x -*- ARM errata: Invalidation of the Instruction Cache operation can fail x x
    
23. x x [ ] ARM errata: Possible cache data corruption with hit-under-miss enabled x x
    
24. x x x x
    
25. x x x x
    
26. x x x x
    
27. x x x x
    
28. x x x x
    
29. x x x x
    
30. x x x x
    
31. x x x x
    
32. x x x x
    
33. x x x x
    
34. x x x x
    
35. x x x x
    
36. x x x x
    
37. x mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj x
    
38. tqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqu
    
39. x <Select> < Exit > < Help > x
    
40. mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj

复制代码

选择完了后可以使用左右键来进行选择<Select> < Exit > < Help >，退出时会自己保存配置

如果你的在做make menuconfig时没有看到上面的画面，而是看到一堆英文，则一般是没有安装libncurses5-dev开发库，使用apt-get install libncurses5-dev来安装就行了

当选择完成后直接make就可以了

make程序会自己编译内核以及模块。

安装模块使用make modules_install命令

在make运行完成后需要重新生成一个镜像。这需要使用其它的工具。

在https://github.com/raspberrypi/tools上面有一个目录mkimage,这个目录下存有这些工具，将这里面的文件全部下载下来，存放在一个目录中，然后执行下面的命令：

python imagetool-uncompressed.py 你的源代码目录/arch/arm/boot/Image

很快这个命令就会执行完成，你会发现在目录下有一个kernel.img的文件，这个就是你的新内核，将它覆盖boot目录下的kernel.img文件，现在你可以使用新内核来启动你的pi了。

chen1324

建议交叉编译 时间就是金钱~

newbuding

如何交叉编译？

MetalX

手工建立交叉编译链太恐怖了...俩星期没搞出来，只好暂时放弃

unlucky

如何交叉编译呢？

JayKay

就是说还是像嵌入式那样，要宿主机要交叉编译链。